螺旋线镀金薄膜磁控溅射设备的研制

本文详细介绍了用于螺旋线镀金薄膜的磁控溅射设备的研制过程。首先明确了该设备的研制难点,其次对设备的主要组成部分进行了详细的说明,针对设备的几个研制难点提出了解决方案,最后利用研制好的设备进行了膜厚均匀性分析实验。实验表明膜层均匀性良好,达到了预期要求,客户反馈良好。     

激励对往复式骨架油封密封性能的影响

为改善往复式骨架油封的泄漏问题,建立油封唇口密封区流体润滑的数值计算模型,模型考虑密封面粗糙形貌以及油封唇口的径向变形,通过求解雷诺方程分析密封区的流体力学特性,获得密封区的油膜厚度和压力分布,并分析激振频率和振幅对密封性能的影响规律。结果表明:随着激振频率的增加,内外行程中密封区的最小膜厚呈先增加后减小的变化趋势,激振频率越大,往复式骨架油封的密封性越差;内外行程中密封区的的最小膜厚随激振振幅的增加呈非线性增加,激振振幅越大,往复式骨架油封的密封性越好。综合考虑,为提高密封效果,往复式骨架油封适用于小频高幅的工作场合。     

表面形貌对粗糙接触界面流体润滑特性的影响

为探究不同表面形貌对粗糙接触界面液体润滑特性的影响，基于有限差分法结合雷诺方程和膜厚方程，研究阶梯形貌、波纹形貌、随机形貌和峡谷形貌4种不同粗糙接触界面液体润滑时的载荷分布及规律。研究发现：4种粗糙表面的三维载荷分布规律都与其表面形貌相对应，在波“峰”处载荷大，摩擦力随载荷的增大而增大，在波“谷”载荷小，摩擦力随载荷减小而减小；4种粗糙表面的载荷随表面展开面积比的变化趋势却有所不同；随表面展开面积比的增大，阶梯形貌表面的载荷呈线性增大，波纹形貌表面的载荷基本不变，随机分布形貌表面的载荷呈增大趋势，峡谷形貌表面的载荷呈先增大后减小的变化趋势。研究结果可以进一步补充现有表面形貌表征和流体润滑等相关研究理论。     

改性防护蜡对轮胎胎侧胶性能的影响

研究改性防护蜡对轮胎胎侧胶性能的影响。结果表明,与传统防护蜡相比,改性防护蜡异构烷烃质量分数较小,结晶尺寸小且致密程度高。改性防护蜡可在不影响胎侧胶硫化特性和物理性能的前提下,大幅提高胎侧胶抗喷霜性能,保证轮胎表面不受臭氧侵蚀,在防止裂纹产生的同时明显改善成品轮胎外观。     

Agreement and repeatability of four different devices to measure non-invasive tear breakup time (NIBUT)

PurposeSince tear film stability can be affected by fluorescein, the Dry Eye Workshop (DEWSII) recommended non-invasive measurement of tear breakup time (NIBUT). The aim of this study was to investigate the agreement and repeatability of four different instruments in the measurement of NIBUT.Methods72 participants (mean 24.2 ± 3.6 years) were recruited for this multi-centre, cross-sectional study. NIBUT was measured three times from one eye using each of the instruments in randomized order on two separate sessions during a day, separated by at least 2 h. NIBUT was performed at three sites (Switzerland, Germany and UK) using three subjective instruments, Tearscope Plus (Keeler, Windsor, UK) (TS), Polaris (bon Optic, Lübeck, Germany) (POL), EasyTear Viewplus (Easytear, Rovereto, Italy) (ET) and the objective Keratograph 5 M (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) (KER). As the latter instrument only analyses for 24 s, all data was capped at this value.ResultsNIBUT measurements (average of both sessions) between the four instruments were not statistically significantly different: TS (median 10.4, range 2.0–24.0 s), POL (10.1, 1.0–24.0 s), ET (10.6, 1.0–24.0 s) and KER (11.1, 2.6–24.0 s) (p = 0.949). The objective KER measures were on average (1.2 s ± 9.6 s, 95 % confidence interval) greater than the subjective evaluations of NIBUT with the other instruments (mean difference 0.4 s ± 7.7 s, 95 % confidence interval), resulting in a higher limits of agreement. The slope was -0.08 to 0.11 indicating no bias in the difference between instruments with the magnitude of the NIBUT. Repeated measurements from the two sessions were not significantly different for TS (p = 0.584), POL (p = 0.549), ET (p = 0.701) or KER (p = 0.261).ConclusionsThe four instruments evaluated for their measurement of tear stability were reasonably repeatable and give similar average results.     

固溶处理对2205双相不锈钢组织及钝化膜特性的影响

用不同温度对2205双相不锈钢进行固溶处理,利用定量金相法及硬度法、电化学极化试验、电化学阻抗谱试验的方法研究固溶温度与2205双相不锈钢微观组织和钝化膜特性之间的关系。结果表明,当固溶温度为950 ℃时,有σ相存在,分布于铁素体/奥氏体晶界,当固溶温度为1000 ℃时,σ相消失,铁素体相比例随固溶温度的升高而升高,奥氏体相比例则呈相反规律;电化学试验和阻抗谱试验结果显示,材料在950 ℃时钝化膜稳定性和耐蚀性能最差,在1050 ℃时钝化膜稳定性和耐蚀性能最好。     

基于优化遗传算法改进的小波网络预测锰系磷化膜的耐蚀性

针对小波网络训练速率较慢、结构不易确定等问题,结合实验选取的因素(包括输入参数和输出结果),通过仿真确定了小波网络的结构为3-7-1。接着,利用优化遗传算法对小波网络进行改进,修正其初始权值和因子。通过仿真证实了改进的小波网络具备更强的寻优能力和更快的收敛速率。最后,利用改进的小波网络预测锰系磷化膜的耐蚀性。结果表明:改进的小波网络可以更好地拟合样本数据,能够进行较准确的预测。     

A large-grain-size thick-film polycrystalline diamond detector for x-ray detection

A diamond film with a size of 6 × 6 × 0.5 mm³ is fabricated by electron-assisted chemical vapor deposition. Raman spectrum analysis, x-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope images confirm the high purity and large grain size, which is larger than 300 μm. Its resistivity is higher than ${10}^{12}\,{\rm{\Omega }}\cdot {\rm{cm}}.$ Interlaced-finger electrodes are imprinted onto the diamond film to develop an x-ray detector. Ohmic contact is confirmed by checking the linearity of its current–voltage curve. The dark current is lower than 0.1 nA under an electric field of 30 kV cm⁻¹. The time response is 220 ps. The sensitivity is about 125 mA W⁻¹ under a biasing voltage of 100 V. A good linear radiation dose rate is also confirmed. This diamond detector is used to measure x-ray on a Z-pinch, which has a double-layer 'nested tungsten wire array'. The pronounced peaks in the measured waveform clearly characterize the x-ray bursts, which proves the performance of this diamond detector.     

Making Large‐Area Titanium Disulfide Films at Reduced Temperature by Balancing the Kinetics of Sulfurization and Roughening

The synthesis of large‐area TiS₂ thin films is reported at temperatures as low as 500 °C using a scalable two‐step method of metal film deposition followed by sulfurization in an H₂S gas furnace. It is demonstrated that the lowest‐achievable sulfurization temperature depends strongly on the oxygen background during sulfurization. This dependence arises because Ti? O bonds present a substantial kinetic and thermodynamic barrier to TiS₂ formation. Lowering the sulfurization temperature is important to make smooth films, and to enable integration of TiS₂ and related transition metal dichalcogenides—including metastable phases and alloys—into device technology.     

Multispectral photodetection using low-cost sputtered NiO/Ag/ITO heterostructure: From design concept to elaboration

High-performance multispectral photodetectors (PDs) are highly attractive for the emerging optoelectronic applications. In this work, a new broadband PD based on p-NiO/Ag/n-ITO heterostructure was fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature. The tri-layered structure offering multispectral detection property was first identified using theoretical calculations based on combined FDTD and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) techniques. The crystal structure of the elaborated sensor was analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) method. The device optical properties were investigated by UV–Vis–NIR spectroscopy. The NiO/Ag/ITO heterostructured PD shows a high average absorbance of 63% over a wide spectrum range of [200 nm–1100nm]. Compared with NiO and ITO thin-films, the performances of the heterostructured device are considerably enhanced. It was found that the prepared PD with NiO/Ag/ITO heterostructure merges the benefits of multispectral photodetection with reduced optical losses and efficient transfer of photo-induced carrier. The device demonstrated a high I_ON/I_OFF ratio of 78 dB and an enhanced responsivity under UV, visible and NIR lights (171 mA/W at 365 nm, 67 mA/W at 550 nm and 93 mA/W at 850 nm). The broadband photodetection property enabled by the optimized NiO/Ag/ITO heterostructure opens a new route for the elaboration of low-cost devices that can offer multiple sensing purposes, which are highly suitable for optoelectronic applications.